VCO for PLL Frequency Synthesizer
Zeyeum, Justin (2016)
Zeyeum, Justin
Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulu
2016
All rights reserved
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201605198708
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201605198708
Tiivistelmä
Phase Locked loops have become very vital in most communication systems today. They are used in radio receivers, mobile telephones, GPS systems. They are also used to generate frequencies comparable to the accuracy of a crystal oscillator. Considering the scope of this single circuit, this thesis is focused in the design of a Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) that can be use in the system.
The design of the VCO was done with NI Multisim software and simulated with a voltage range of 0V to 2V, also the results were compared with that of real components in same voltage range and finally was milled on a printed circuit board.
The simulation and measurements were successful, the phase noise, tuning sensitivity and oscillation frequency range (tuning gain) were measured successfully and the results were compared as required.
The results are a clear analysis of the comparison between theory and practice. Phase locked loop on itself is a very important research topic as it covers many disciplines of electrical and electronic engineering such as Communication theory, Control theory, Signal analysis, Noise Characterization, Digital circuit design to name but a few. With further studies the prototype of the VCO circuit could be attain with a better result.
The design of the VCO was done with NI Multisim software and simulated with a voltage range of 0V to 2V, also the results were compared with that of real components in same voltage range and finally was milled on a printed circuit board.
The simulation and measurements were successful, the phase noise, tuning sensitivity and oscillation frequency range (tuning gain) were measured successfully and the results were compared as required.
The results are a clear analysis of the comparison between theory and practice. Phase locked loop on itself is a very important research topic as it covers many disciplines of electrical and electronic engineering such as Communication theory, Control theory, Signal analysis, Noise Characterization, Digital circuit design to name but a few. With further studies the prototype of the VCO circuit could be attain with a better result.