“A TEMPORARY SOLUTION TO A PERMANENT PROBLEM ”- how to care for individuals with self-destructive behaviors in open-care.
Wolde, Yared (2014)
Wolde, Yared
Yrkeshögskolan Novia
2014
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201404305477
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201404305477
Tiivistelmä
The aim of this thesis was to gain a profound understanding about self-destructive behaviors and the risk factors that may precede them and it also aims at finding useful models to care for individuals with self-destructive behaviors. The methods in this study are systematic literature review and content analysis following Elo & Kyngäs (2007). Based on the theoretical background and research question, four themes emerged: understanding self-destructive behaviors, risk factors, possible effect of the self-injury and a care and treatment model. A theoretical model of self-injury of Nock (2010) and Morse’s (2001) theory of suffering was used as the theoretical background and foundation for the study.
The findings of this study outlined self-destructive behaviors as a set of abnormal behaviors that lead to self-inflicted injuries to one’s own body tissue. The behaviors can be categorized into two distinct groups, namely suicidal self-injury and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Non-suicidal self-injuries are carried out to get relief, to calm down, to feel alive, to seek help from others, to get attention and be noticed rather than to end life. Risk factors for self-destructive behavior can be of an intrapersonal/internal or interpersonal/external nature. The effect of self-injury can be a visible physical injury, but the individual can attain temporary calming and relief due to the release of endorphins, opiates or oxytocin. This study also describes a patient-centered model – the Tidal model- which can be useful in the caring and treatment scheme.
The findings of this study outlined self-destructive behaviors as a set of abnormal behaviors that lead to self-inflicted injuries to one’s own body tissue. The behaviors can be categorized into two distinct groups, namely suicidal self-injury and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Non-suicidal self-injuries are carried out to get relief, to calm down, to feel alive, to seek help from others, to get attention and be noticed rather than to end life. Risk factors for self-destructive behavior can be of an intrapersonal/internal or interpersonal/external nature. The effect of self-injury can be a visible physical injury, but the individual can attain temporary calming and relief due to the release of endorphins, opiates or oxytocin. This study also describes a patient-centered model – the Tidal model- which can be useful in the caring and treatment scheme.