Haku
Viitteet 2211-2220 / 2981
Varhainen tuki -toimintamallin rakentaminen Ovenia Oy:lle
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Työhyvinvointi on hyvin trendikäs puheenaihe ollut jo pitkään yhteiskunnassa. Sairaspoissaolot
ovat kasvussa sekä ennenaikaisia eläköitymisiä tapahtuu yhä enemmän. Tulevaisuuden haasteena
on myös suurien ikäluokkien ...
Sisäisen viestinnän toimivuus työyhteisössä - Case Gigantti Oy
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
perusteella kehitysehdotuksia sisäisen viestinnän toimivuuteen. Tutkimuksen teoreettinen kehys on jaettu kolmeen osaan, joita ovat sisäinen viestintä, sisäinen markkinointi ja sisäinen yhteisöviestintä. Sisäinen viestintä on tässä opinnäytetyössä kuvattu...
Internal communications functionality in a work community: a case study of Gigantti Oy Organizations have realized the importance of internal communications in recent years. Internal communications create closeness and integrality within the work community, increasing motivation for successful work performance. The framework for this research has been divided into three parts: internal communications, internal marketing and organizational communication. Internal communication is resented as an integral whole in this thesis, which can be divided into internal marketing and organizational communication. Internal marketing consists of sales communications and includes one-way information and guidance, and not expected two-way communication. Organizational communication refers to the interaction between the organization’s management and employees, increasing cohesiveness, motivation and employees’ wellbeing. Organizational communication can be considered as conversational two-way communication. The research method of the study is qualitative. The study sample included the managing director and marketing director, and employees of three warehouses in the metropolitan area. In addition to the store managers, research was conducted with the participation of the head of department and one randomly chosen employee from every department. The total survey sample consisted of thirty-three people. A qualitative study conducted on Gigantti`s management established the basis for the other two research studies. The research results indicate that Gigantti has a strong basis for strategic internal communications, but none of the internal communications are documented. The results also indicate that employees desire more order and simplicity from the internal communications. The largest deficiency in the internal communications as viewed by employees was the intranet site....
Internal communications functionality in a work community: a case study of Gigantti Oy Organizations have realized the importance of internal communications in recent years. Internal communications create closeness and integrality within the work community, increasing motivation for successful work performance. The framework for this research has been divided into three parts: internal communications, internal marketing and organizational communication. Internal communication is resented as an integral whole in this thesis, which can be divided into internal marketing and organizational communication. Internal marketing consists of sales communications and includes one-way information and guidance, and not expected two-way communication. Organizational communication refers to the interaction between the organization’s management and employees, increasing cohesiveness, motivation and employees’ wellbeing. Organizational communication can be considered as conversational two-way communication. The research method of the study is qualitative. The study sample included the managing director and marketing director, and employees of three warehouses in the metropolitan area. In addition to the store managers, research was conducted with the participation of the head of department and one randomly chosen employee from every department. The total survey sample consisted of thirty-three people. A qualitative study conducted on Gigantti`s management established the basis for the other two research studies. The research results indicate that Gigantti has a strong basis for strategic internal communications, but none of the internal communications are documented. The results also indicate that employees desire more order and simplicity from the internal communications. The largest deficiency in the internal communications as viewed by employees was the intranet site....
Koulutusyhteisön asiakkaiden ostopäätöksen tukeminen verkkokaupassa markkinointiviestinnällä
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Tämä teemahaastattelu syntyi tarpeesta ymmärtää syvällisemmin koulutusyhteisön avoimen puolen asiakkaiden ostokäyttäytymiseen ja ostopäätökseen vaikuttavia tekijöitä sekä markkinointiviestinnän suhdetta ilmiöön tukevana toimintona. Tutkimus...
This theme interview originated from a need to understand more profoundly the factors which affect the buying behavior and purchasing decisions of the customers of the educational community and the relationship between these phenomena and marketing communication. The study was carried out during the spring and summer of 2012 when the author was employed in the educational community as a trainee working with marketing communications. The study was motivated by the need of the commissioning organization to comprehend the stages and experiences of its customers´ buying behavior in order to gain information in support of the decision-making concerning marketing communication. The study offers practical solutions to the organisation and to other organizations which function within the service sector and would like to increase both their understanding of the factors and the role of the Web store and marketing communication on their customers´ buying behavior. The empirical study was divided into five themes: image, marketing, buying, online shopping and personal selling and customer service. The study was discretionarily marked off by adapting a systematic sampling of consumer customers which are described in this study, “open side customers”. The research results were collected through semi-structured telephone interviews with 14 interviewees in May and June 2012. The research results were analyzed by transcribing the responses and by encoding themes and classes based on which a synthesis of research results were refined into development proposals. The research results showed that the marketing communication of the educational community does not support purchasing decision. The biggest deficiencies appeared in customer profiling. In the customer interface it was hoped that the educational community will develop its customer understanding. It was also shown that in the online store there are shortcomings which are reflected in the visitor traffic of web pages. The results proved that marketing communication which supports the purchasing decisions of customers will base on genuine customer understanding. The development proposals indicate the need for more target-oriented marketing communication in the educational community. The new customer-oriented strategy limits the volume of functions and gives resources for the utilising of an analytics and follow-up. It provides a basis to justify marketing communication decisions in terms of what needs to be done and why. The monitoring of objectives and functions ensure the marketing communication will support the purchase decisions of “the open side customers” and that the educational community will continually develop their marketing....
This theme interview originated from a need to understand more profoundly the factors which affect the buying behavior and purchasing decisions of the customers of the educational community and the relationship between these phenomena and marketing communication. The study was carried out during the spring and summer of 2012 when the author was employed in the educational community as a trainee working with marketing communications. The study was motivated by the need of the commissioning organization to comprehend the stages and experiences of its customers´ buying behavior in order to gain information in support of the decision-making concerning marketing communication. The study offers practical solutions to the organisation and to other organizations which function within the service sector and would like to increase both their understanding of the factors and the role of the Web store and marketing communication on their customers´ buying behavior. The empirical study was divided into five themes: image, marketing, buying, online shopping and personal selling and customer service. The study was discretionarily marked off by adapting a systematic sampling of consumer customers which are described in this study, “open side customers”. The research results were collected through semi-structured telephone interviews with 14 interviewees in May and June 2012. The research results were analyzed by transcribing the responses and by encoding themes and classes based on which a synthesis of research results were refined into development proposals. The research results showed that the marketing communication of the educational community does not support purchasing decision. The biggest deficiencies appeared in customer profiling. In the customer interface it was hoped that the educational community will develop its customer understanding. It was also shown that in the online store there are shortcomings which are reflected in the visitor traffic of web pages. The results proved that marketing communication which supports the purchasing decisions of customers will base on genuine customer understanding. The development proposals indicate the need for more target-oriented marketing communication in the educational community. The new customer-oriented strategy limits the volume of functions and gives resources for the utilising of an analytics and follow-up. It provides a basis to justify marketing communication decisions in terms of what needs to be done and why. The monitoring of objectives and functions ensure the marketing communication will support the purchase decisions of “the open side customers” and that the educational community will continually develop their marketing....
Monikansallisen henkilöstöjohdon selvitys
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Työssä oli tarkoituksena kartoittaa monikansallisen henkilöstöjohtamisen haasteita ja asenteita nykypäivän liikemaailmassa ja teoriatutkimusta ja kvalitatiivista haastattelututkimusta hyväksi käyttäen tehdä ehdotuksia, kuinka välttää tai ratkaista...
Multicultural personnel management study The goal of the project was to map the current challenges and attitudes towards multicultural personnel management. The goal was to use theoretical studies as well as a qualitative interview study to figure out said challenges and to use the information gathered to give suggestions on how to either evade or solve the challenges. The project began by agreeing with the thesis instructor on what areas should the theory cover and by compiling a report on the theory. The agreed areas of theory for this project were personnel management, international personnel management and international communication. The practical part of the project was done during the fall, using the themes that had arisen In the theory to conduct the interviews. After this, the series of qualitative interviews were conducted during a three week stretch in October anonymously via phone. The people interviewed all had multiple years of experience in international personnel management. It was however surprisingly difficult and time consuming to get people to agree to be interviewed and for this reason, this part of the project took longer than originally planned. Due to the expertise of the people interviewer and the results of the interviews however, this did not have a detrimental effect on the results of the study. After this, the results were analyzed and referenced with the theory report done earlier and the results have been added to this report. At important stages of the project, meetings were held with the thesis instructor and contact was kept with the client for the study. The theory report, report on practical work done and results have all been added to this final thesis. Looking at the results of the interviews, the attitudes towards multicultural personnel management are the ones that have experienced the most drastic changes. Looking at studies from earlier in the decade, managers tended to consider culture a non-factor, compared to this study, where the people interviewed considered it a major factor. Meanwhile the advantages and challenges presented by multicultural teams has remained the same as in previous studies....
Multicultural personnel management study The goal of the project was to map the current challenges and attitudes towards multicultural personnel management. The goal was to use theoretical studies as well as a qualitative interview study to figure out said challenges and to use the information gathered to give suggestions on how to either evade or solve the challenges. The project began by agreeing with the thesis instructor on what areas should the theory cover and by compiling a report on the theory. The agreed areas of theory for this project were personnel management, international personnel management and international communication. The practical part of the project was done during the fall, using the themes that had arisen In the theory to conduct the interviews. After this, the series of qualitative interviews were conducted during a three week stretch in October anonymously via phone. The people interviewed all had multiple years of experience in international personnel management. It was however surprisingly difficult and time consuming to get people to agree to be interviewed and for this reason, this part of the project took longer than originally planned. Due to the expertise of the people interviewer and the results of the interviews however, this did not have a detrimental effect on the results of the study. After this, the results were analyzed and referenced with the theory report done earlier and the results have been added to this report. At important stages of the project, meetings were held with the thesis instructor and contact was kept with the client for the study. The theory report, report on practical work done and results have all been added to this final thesis. Looking at the results of the interviews, the attitudes towards multicultural personnel management are the ones that have experienced the most drastic changes. Looking at studies from earlier in the decade, managers tended to consider culture a non-factor, compared to this study, where the people interviewed considered it a major factor. Meanwhile the advantages and challenges presented by multicultural teams has remained the same as in previous studies....
Suomalaisten mikro- ja pienyritysten kansainvälistymishaasteet Venäjän markkinoille
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Suomen pienet markkinat houkuttelevat yrityksiä yhä useammin kansainvälisille markkinoille. Kansainvälistymisen myötä yrityksen on mahdollista saada uusia asiakkaita sekä laajentaa liiketoimintaansa. Suomalaisten yrityksien määrä Venäjän markkinoilla on kasvanut 2000-luvun aikana. Yhteensä Pietari, Moskova ja Jekaterinburgin alueella toimiikin noin 600 suomalaista yritystä.
Tämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena on tuoda ilmi haasteita ja ongelmia, joita suomalaisilla mikro- ja pienyrityksillä on kansainvälistyessään Venäjän markkinoille. Lisäksi tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on kartoittaa kansainvälistymiseen liittyviä tärkeitä kysymyksiä sekä mahdollisia ongelmakohtia, joita kansainvälistymisen käynnistämiseen saattaa liittyä. Opinnäytetyön toimeksiantajana toimii kotimainen, erikoiskaupanalan mikroyritys. Toimeksiantajan pyynnöstä yrityksestä käytetään nimeä Yritys X.
Opinnäytetyön teoreettisessa viitekehyksessä käsitellään kansainvälistymisen syitä, esteitä, kasvustrategian ja kansainvälistymispolun valintaa, kansainvälistymisstrategiaa, operaatiostrategiaa, etabloitumisen eri muotoja sekä jakelukanavan valitsemisen vaikutusta vientiratkaisuun.
Empiirisessä tutkimuksessa käytettiin kvalitatiivista tutkimusmenetelmää. Laadullinen tutkimus tehtiin sähköisen lomakkeen avulla, joka sisälsi avoimia kysymyksiä. Tutkimus toteutettiin Venäjän-kauppaa harjoittavien mikro- ja pienyrityksien keskuudessa.
Tutkimustulosten perusteelta voidaan todeta, että suomalaisten mikro- ja pienyritysten kansainvälistymishaasteita ovat oikean ja luotettavan yhteistyökumppanin löytäminen sekä keinotekoiset kansainvälistymisesteet, joista merkittävimpänä tullaus ja siihen liittyvä byrokratia. Näiden asioiden ratkaiseminen vaikuttaa oleellisesti Venäjän liiketoiminnan onnistumiseen. Yrityksen tulisi myös hyödyntää yhteistyökumppanien etsinnässä ja tullaukseen liittyvissä asioissa tarjottavia tukipalveluja....
Companies are increasingly tempted to expand their operations to international markets due to the limited opportunities presented by the smaller Finnish market. This enables companies to acquire new customers, and to expand their businesses...
Companies are increasingly tempted to expand their operations to international markets due to the limited opportunities presented by the smaller Finnish market. This enables companies to acquire new customers, and to expand their businesses...
Taloushallinnon sähköistämisen vaikutukset ostoreskontraprosessiin Case: Spirit Store Oy
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Taloushallinnon sähköistäminen on yleistä tänä päivänä. Ihmistyöllä suoritettuja manuaalisia työvaiheita korvataan sähköisillä toiminnoilla. Tietokoneet on mahdollista saada suorittamaan töitä automaattisesti aikaa ...
Yrityksen perustaminen opintojen aikana : case: Tmi Tuukka Hietamäki
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
työllistyä tai jopa työllistää itse itsensä. Minulle tarjoutui loistava mahdollisuus yrittäjyyteen kesken ammattikorkeakouluopintojen, ja tähän mahdollisuuteen myös tartuin. Yrittäjyyteen lähteminen melko nuorella iällä avasi minun silmäni, ja haluankin...
Founding a company during studies : case: Tmi Tuukka Hietamäki During their studies, every young person has to think about what to do after graduation. Most of them find a pleasant working environment at some point of their lives, but the competition in the labor market keeps getting fiercer and hence no one can predict their future. Within a few years, entrepreneurship has become a more noteworthy option to earn a living already at a young age. The development of information technology and the rapid interna-tionalization has provided people with more options for employment or even self-employment. I had an excellent opportunity of entrepreneurship in the middle of my studies and I decided to seize this opportunity. Going for entrepreneurship at a rather young age has opened my eyes and thus I would like to encourage other students at Laurea Hyvinkää to consider entrepreneurship by telling my own story. From the thesis, readers can perceive the facts of founding a company from a student´s point of view. Inspired by my own experiences and with the help of a quantitative research by a questionnaire I made an instruction for founding a company. This part of the thesis can be used in Hyvinkää Laurea´s InnoVilla for instance on their homepage. This instruction includes all the crucial phases it takes to find a company. The answers of the questionnaire gave me extra value because in the answers other students were considering the difficulties of founding a company. As its best, the instruction gives the students in Hyvinkää Laurea the first answers to the questions about founding a company and by that it is used to increase the entrepreneurial way of thinking in Laurea. The theory part of the thesis, about founding a company, is based mainly on literary and internet-based sources. The theory part includes information on the initial phases of founding a company and the opportunities that a student at Laurea Hyvinkää can make use of. In the practical part I explored my own experiences about founding a company. At this point of my thesis I will tell first-hand about the stages that were involved in founding the company. In chapter six I analyze the answers gotten from the questionnaire. The second last chapter of the thesis includes the proposal for the instruction of founding a company which will be used in Hyvinkää Laurea InnoVilla as it is. In the last chapter I analyze the whole process of making the thesis. The thesis has been made to serve the students that are considering entrepreneurship and this point of view is reflected in every stage of my work. Founding a company, company founding guide, InnoVilla, young entrepreneur, entrepreneurship...
Founding a company during studies : case: Tmi Tuukka Hietamäki During their studies, every young person has to think about what to do after graduation. Most of them find a pleasant working environment at some point of their lives, but the competition in the labor market keeps getting fiercer and hence no one can predict their future. Within a few years, entrepreneurship has become a more noteworthy option to earn a living already at a young age. The development of information technology and the rapid interna-tionalization has provided people with more options for employment or even self-employment. I had an excellent opportunity of entrepreneurship in the middle of my studies and I decided to seize this opportunity. Going for entrepreneurship at a rather young age has opened my eyes and thus I would like to encourage other students at Laurea Hyvinkää to consider entrepreneurship by telling my own story. From the thesis, readers can perceive the facts of founding a company from a student´s point of view. Inspired by my own experiences and with the help of a quantitative research by a questionnaire I made an instruction for founding a company. This part of the thesis can be used in Hyvinkää Laurea´s InnoVilla for instance on their homepage. This instruction includes all the crucial phases it takes to find a company. The answers of the questionnaire gave me extra value because in the answers other students were considering the difficulties of founding a company. As its best, the instruction gives the students in Hyvinkää Laurea the first answers to the questions about founding a company and by that it is used to increase the entrepreneurial way of thinking in Laurea. The theory part of the thesis, about founding a company, is based mainly on literary and internet-based sources. The theory part includes information on the initial phases of founding a company and the opportunities that a student at Laurea Hyvinkää can make use of. In the practical part I explored my own experiences about founding a company. At this point of my thesis I will tell first-hand about the stages that were involved in founding the company. In chapter six I analyze the answers gotten from the questionnaire. The second last chapter of the thesis includes the proposal for the instruction of founding a company which will be used in Hyvinkää Laurea InnoVilla as it is. In the last chapter I analyze the whole process of making the thesis. The thesis has been made to serve the students that are considering entrepreneurship and this point of view is reflected in every stage of my work. Founding a company, company founding guide, InnoVilla, young entrepreneur, entrepreneurship...
Opas turvapaikkavalitusten käsittelijälle
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Työn aiheena on turvapaikkavalitusten käsittely hallinto-oikeudessa ja työtä voidaan käyttää käytännönläheisenä oppaana turvapaikkoja käsitteleville uusille toimistosihteereille ja tietopakettina kaikille turvapaikoista ja turvapaikkavalitusten...
Guide to handling asylum appeals The subject of this thesis is handling asylum appeals in Administrative Court. This thesis can be used as a practical guide for new office secretaries who work with handling asylum appeals and as an information package for all who are interested in asylum matters and the handling process of asylum appeals. Sources that have been used include laws, reliable electronic sources, books and practical work experience of an office secretary working in Administrative Court. Attachments to this thesis include a list of the process stages of the handling process, referral forms, a word list of the important words related to the handling process (Swedish, English) that can be of use in telephone service and an example of a Helsinki Administrative Court’s decision in respect of publicity of documents. In the beginning of this thesis the asylum process in Finland and different laws regarding asylum matters are addressed. Important laws regarding asylum matters are UL 87 and 88 §. In these laws e.g. different situations in which a foreigner is entitled to an asylum are presented and the definition of persecution is explained. Next the tasks and locations of Administrative Court are presented and Helsinki Administrative Court is presented in more detail. The number and handling times of asylum appeals are studied between 2005 and 2010. After this an analysis of the principles of good administration is presented. After presenting the principles of good administration the appeal process to Administrative Court is gone through. Thereafter the process of handling asylum appeals in Administrative Court is explained. The basic stages of the process include: the arrival of the appeal, statement request, rejoinder request, possible oral hearing and tasks related to the decision and the documents. Also the issue of publicity is looked into from the perspective of the handler because asylum appeals are regarded as secret. The effectiveness of the working processes of the handler is analyzed. At the end of the thesis a few points related to the publication of the Process Work Group e.g. related to the law regarding the use of administrative law are presented....
Guide to handling asylum appeals The subject of this thesis is handling asylum appeals in Administrative Court. This thesis can be used as a practical guide for new office secretaries who work with handling asylum appeals and as an information package for all who are interested in asylum matters and the handling process of asylum appeals. Sources that have been used include laws, reliable electronic sources, books and practical work experience of an office secretary working in Administrative Court. Attachments to this thesis include a list of the process stages of the handling process, referral forms, a word list of the important words related to the handling process (Swedish, English) that can be of use in telephone service and an example of a Helsinki Administrative Court’s decision in respect of publicity of documents. In the beginning of this thesis the asylum process in Finland and different laws regarding asylum matters are addressed. Important laws regarding asylum matters are UL 87 and 88 §. In these laws e.g. different situations in which a foreigner is entitled to an asylum are presented and the definition of persecution is explained. Next the tasks and locations of Administrative Court are presented and Helsinki Administrative Court is presented in more detail. The number and handling times of asylum appeals are studied between 2005 and 2010. After this an analysis of the principles of good administration is presented. After presenting the principles of good administration the appeal process to Administrative Court is gone through. Thereafter the process of handling asylum appeals in Administrative Court is explained. The basic stages of the process include: the arrival of the appeal, statement request, rejoinder request, possible oral hearing and tasks related to the decision and the documents. Also the issue of publicity is looked into from the perspective of the handler because asylum appeals are regarded as secret. The effectiveness of the working processes of the handler is analyzed. At the end of the thesis a few points related to the publication of the Process Work Group e.g. related to the law regarding the use of administrative law are presented....
Voittoa tavoittelemattoman organisaation toimintamallin kehittäminen Case: Tukikoiratoiminta
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu Tiivistelmä
Laurea Lohja
Liiketalouden koulutusohjelma
Marika Heikkinen
Voittoa tavoittelemattoman organisaation toimintamallin kehittäminen
Case: Tukikoiratoiminta
Vuosi 2012 ...
Taideverkkokaupan kehittäminen - Case Yritys X
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2012)
Sähköinen kauppa on kasvussa oleva tulevaisuudenala, jolla on runsaasti käyttämätöntä po-tentiaalia. Yhä useammat ihmiset ovat tutustuneet verkkokauppaan. Toisaalta ala on yhä ”lapsenkengissään” ja esimerkiksi sähköinen taidekauppa on vielä vähän...
Electronic commerce is a rapidly growing field of the future and one which is perceived to be po-tentially highly profitable. Although an increasing number of people are familiar with the online store, the industry is in its early stages of development and e-trade in art is only lightly competitive. Art enthusiasts still have a strong desire to experience art in person. Technological innovation will continue to offer better tools to meet this need, and this will bring opportunities for growth for the electronic art trade This study has been conducted from the point of view of a startup company. Established in 2011, Company X opened a website selling art online in early 2012. The current offering consists of textile works. Due to the relative scarcity and lack of competition in this business area, the company is well placed to offer a competitive advantage to commence business. The aim of the study is to create a development plan for Company X, which it can use to gain publicity and improve operations. The development plan focuses specifically on marketing, which is the most important short-term objective for Company X in its early stage of development. In addition, the thesis presents data from qualitative research and a case study conducted on four customers of the artist operating with the company. The purpose was to determine which issues are most critical for the art market to consider when transferring to electronic form. Questions were open for the purpose of obtaining ideas for the electronic art trade from the perspective of art enthusiasts. The study process resulted in a realistic development plan for Company X. The short-term plan focuses on marketing channels for versatile use. In the longer term marketing, maintenance and further development are also essential for the diversification of revenue logic, securing financing and developing customer-oriented services. The research will help Company X understand its customers’ opinions and desires concerning the electronic art trade....
Electronic commerce is a rapidly growing field of the future and one which is perceived to be po-tentially highly profitable. Although an increasing number of people are familiar with the online store, the industry is in its early stages of development and e-trade in art is only lightly competitive. Art enthusiasts still have a strong desire to experience art in person. Technological innovation will continue to offer better tools to meet this need, and this will bring opportunities for growth for the electronic art trade This study has been conducted from the point of view of a startup company. Established in 2011, Company X opened a website selling art online in early 2012. The current offering consists of textile works. Due to the relative scarcity and lack of competition in this business area, the company is well placed to offer a competitive advantage to commence business. The aim of the study is to create a development plan for Company X, which it can use to gain publicity and improve operations. The development plan focuses specifically on marketing, which is the most important short-term objective for Company X in its early stage of development. In addition, the thesis presents data from qualitative research and a case study conducted on four customers of the artist operating with the company. The purpose was to determine which issues are most critical for the art market to consider when transferring to electronic form. Questions were open for the purpose of obtaining ideas for the electronic art trade from the perspective of art enthusiasts. The study process resulted in a realistic development plan for Company X. The short-term plan focuses on marketing channels for versatile use. In the longer term marketing, maintenance and further development are also essential for the diversification of revenue logic, securing financing and developing customer-oriented services. The research will help Company X understand its customers’ opinions and desires concerning the electronic art trade....









