Haku
Viitteet 51-60 / 325
Käyttäytymistaloustieteen ja palvelumuotoilun yhdistäminen nuorten aikuisten taloudenhallinnan mobiilisovelluksen suunnittelussa
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2019)
Yksittäisten ihmisten talousongelmien lisääntyminen on yksi keskeinen ongelma Suomessa. Yksi merkki tästä on maksuhäiriömerkintöjen lisääntyminen, joka on jatkunut koko vuosikymmenen. Opinnäytetyössä konseptoin nuorille aikuisille tarkoitetun taloudenhallinnan mobiilisovelluksen. Tavoitteenani on nuorten aikuisten taloudellista tilannetta ja rahankäytön tapoja ymmärtämällä luoda sovelluksen avulla tapoja vaikuttaa taloudenhallintaan. Työn tilaaja on valtakunnallinen sosiaalialan järjestö Takuusäätiö, ja se tehdään yhteistyössä Takuusäätiön ja Marttaliiton Rahat riittää! -hankkeen kanssa, joka keskittyy ennaltaehkäisevään taloudenhallintaan. Työni teoriapohja muodostuu käyttäytymistaloustieteestä ja psykologian itseohjautuvuus- sekä kontrolliteoriasta. Käytän niitä välineitä ihmisen päätöksenteon ja motivaation ymmärtämisessä. Lisäksi olen tutustu-nut käyttäjälähtöiseen suunnitteluun ja aiempiin tutkimuksiin nuorten rahatilanteesta ja taloudellisesta käyttäytymisestä. Hyödynnän työn toteutuksessa palvelumuotoilun menetelmiä.
Saadaksemme tietoa nuorten aikuisten taloudesta ja taloudellista käyttäytymisestä nuorille aikuisille tehtiin teemahaastatteluja, tutkimus WhatsApp-viestisovelluksella sekä kysely. Takuusäätiöllä on käytössä selainpohjainen taloudenhallinnan väline Penno, ja myös sen käyttäjiä haastateltiin. Tällä pyrittiin saamaan selville Pennon käyttäjien profiilia. Aineiston pohjalta luotiin kolme nuor-ten aikuisten rahankäytön persoonaa sekä yksi Pennon käyttäjän persoona. Rahat riittää! -hanke valitsi persoonista yhden, jolle sovellusta kehitettiin. Kyseinen persoona oli nimetty aloittelijaksi, koska hänellä on haasteita taloudenhallinnassa ja myös taloudellisessa itseluottamuksessa ja kulutuksen säätelyssä. Tämän jälkeen Rahat riittää! -hankkeen tiimille järjestettiin kehittämistyöpaja, jossa työstettiin alustavia ominaisuuksia sovellukseen aloittelijan tarpeisiin. Työpajassa käytettiin apuna käyttäytymistaloustiedettä ja palvelumuotoilua yhdistävää Behaviour Change Framework -mallia. Työpajan, tutkimusaineiston ja tutkimuskirjallisuuden pohjalta loin konseptin sovellukses-ta aloittelijan tarpeisiin.
Opinnäytetyö toi esille, että nuorten aikuisten osaaminen ja tavat hallita talouttaan vaihtelivat todella paljon. Perheen ja ystävien vaikutus on merkittävä rahankäytössä ja taloudenhallinnassa, mutta sen vaikutus vaihteli muun tilanteen ja osaamisen mukaan. Tutkimukseen osallistuneiden aikakäsitys vaikutti merkittävästi siihen, miten he suhtautuivat kuluttamiseen: nähtiinkö vain nykyhetkeen vai myös pidemmälle, jolloin taloutta pystyttiin myös suunnittelemaan. Kerätyn tiedon pohjalta sovelluksessa on ominaisuuksia, jotka pyrkivät vahvistamaan aloittelijan osaamisen tunnetta talousasioissa ja itsekontrollia sekä kysyä reflektoida toimintaansa. Sovellukseen lisättiin myös pelillisiä elementtejä vahvistamaan motivaatiota käytön alussa, jolloin käyttö on todennäköisesti ulkoisesti motivoitunutta.
Opinnäytetyön havaintoja voidaan hyödyntää kehitettäessä nuorille taloudenhallinnan palveluita. Työ osoitti, että on hyödyllistä kehittää palveluita tarkasti määritellylle kohderyhmälle. Seuraavaksi olisi hyödyllistä testata konseptia pientä testiryhmää suuremmalle ryhmälle potentiaalisia käyttäjiä....
There is a growing concern in Finland about the money management skills of individuals. One indicator is the number of bad credit records, which have increased rapidly in the last decade. In my thesis, I created a concept of a mobile app to help a...
There is a growing concern in Finland about the money management skills of individuals. One indicator is the number of bad credit records, which have increased rapidly in the last decade. In my thesis, I created a concept of a mobile app to help a...
Työntekijän halukkuus osallistua työkiertoon
(2019)
moniosaamisen merkitys on korostunut organisaatiossa tapahtuneiden muutosten vuoksi. Siksi työkierron toimivuutta ja organisointia on tarvetta arvioida uudelleen. Opinnäytetyö on osa tätä kehitystyötä, sillä se toimii alkukartoituksena työkiertomallin...
Vapaaehtoistyön johtaminen - päätöksenteon ilmiöt työyhteisöviestinnässä Case: Harjun Kiekko ry
(2019)
Tämän opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli selvittää Harjun Kiekko ry:n vapaaehtoistyöntekijöiden motivaatioon vaikuttavia tekijöitä ja heidän kokemuksiaan työyhteisöviestinnän nykytilasta seurassa. Päätöksenteon ilmiöiden tarkastelun kautta löydettiin...
Kännykät kiertoon : Kuinka kehittää matkapuhelinten kierrätystä Gigantissa
(2019)
Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena on kehittää matkapuhelinten kierrätystä ja tuottaa toimeksiantajana toimineen Gigantti Oy Ab:n käyttöön kehitysehdotuksia, joiden avulla asiakkaiden matkapuhelinten kierrätystä olisi mahdollista tehostaa nykyisestä...
The aim of the thesis was to develop the recycling of mobile phones and to create development proposals for Gigantti Oy Ab, which has acted as the client, to improve the recycling of customers’ mobile phones. The aim was to thus allow a higher recycling rate and, on the other hand, enable a more efficient circulation of materials in accordance with the principles of the circular economy. The development process was based on the concept of the competence tree, which created an understanding of the company's strengths and resources that could be utilized to develop mobile phone recycling. The mapping of the client’s strengths and the creation of development suggestions were carried out in a workshop together with the client, drawing on the understanding of the knowledge base and the study. The thesis discusses previous research on mobile phone recycling and the principles and appearance of the circular economy. In addition to these, the thesis discusses the principles of service business, value creation and customer utilization in service development, the utilization of customer knowledge and customer satisfaction in business development and their potential to achieve a business advantage. The study utilized theme interviews to gain further understanding of the subject. Themes created on the basis of the previous research on mobile phone recycling were used in the preparation of topics for theme interviews. In addition, the themes of the theme interview created their own themes, which were used in creating development proposals. As a result of the thesis, five development proposals were developed for Gigantti. First of all, it is important to focus on customer service and identify customer needs. Secondly, it is important to point out that Gigantti handles and recycles equipment safely and appropriately. Thirdly, through its strong visibility and marketing, Gigantti has the opportunity to make mobile phone recycling more widely known. Fourthly, the expertise in the sale of recycling services acquired other product sectors could be used. Fifth, it was considered important to tie the environmental values more to the sales values. In conclusion, development proposals, that were able to respond to the identified challenges, were created. In the future, it is important that the client utilizes the development proposals in order to be able to investigate their functionality in practice. The client has a lot of potential to respond to customers' wishes and develop their activities to meet the goals they set for recycling. The customer's extensive contact network also offers a great opportunity for further development and allows activities that support the circular economy. The understanding of the thesis also supports other actors in the field as they strive towards a circular economy....
The aim of the thesis was to develop the recycling of mobile phones and to create development proposals for Gigantti Oy Ab, which has acted as the client, to improve the recycling of customers’ mobile phones. The aim was to thus allow a higher recycling rate and, on the other hand, enable a more efficient circulation of materials in accordance with the principles of the circular economy. The development process was based on the concept of the competence tree, which created an understanding of the company's strengths and resources that could be utilized to develop mobile phone recycling. The mapping of the client’s strengths and the creation of development suggestions were carried out in a workshop together with the client, drawing on the understanding of the knowledge base and the study. The thesis discusses previous research on mobile phone recycling and the principles and appearance of the circular economy. In addition to these, the thesis discusses the principles of service business, value creation and customer utilization in service development, the utilization of customer knowledge and customer satisfaction in business development and their potential to achieve a business advantage. The study utilized theme interviews to gain further understanding of the subject. Themes created on the basis of the previous research on mobile phone recycling were used in the preparation of topics for theme interviews. In addition, the themes of the theme interview created their own themes, which were used in creating development proposals. As a result of the thesis, five development proposals were developed for Gigantti. First of all, it is important to focus on customer service and identify customer needs. Secondly, it is important to point out that Gigantti handles and recycles equipment safely and appropriately. Thirdly, through its strong visibility and marketing, Gigantti has the opportunity to make mobile phone recycling more widely known. Fourthly, the expertise in the sale of recycling services acquired other product sectors could be used. Fifth, it was considered important to tie the environmental values more to the sales values. In conclusion, development proposals, that were able to respond to the identified challenges, were created. In the future, it is important that the client utilizes the development proposals in order to be able to investigate their functionality in practice. The client has a lot of potential to respond to customers' wishes and develop their activities to meet the goals they set for recycling. The customer's extensive contact network also offers a great opportunity for further development and allows activities that support the circular economy. The understanding of the thesis also supports other actors in the field as they strive towards a circular economy....
Itämeren risteilyliiketoiminnan tulevaisuus ja muuttuva kuluttaja : Tallink Silja Oy:n vaihtoehtoiset skenaariot
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2018)
Opinnäytetyö käsittelee tulevaisuuden risteilymatkustajia ja risteilyliiketoimintaa Itämerellä tähdäten vuoteen 2030. Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli tutkia, miten kuluttajakäyttäytymisen muutos ja toimintaympäristön muutosajurit vaikuttavat...
The thesis discusses the future cruise traveler and cruise business in the Baltic Sea in 2030. The purpose of the thesis was to study how change in consumer behaviour and other drivers in the operating environment will affect the future...
The thesis discusses the future cruise traveler and cruise business in the Baltic Sea in 2030. The purpose of the thesis was to study how change in consumer behaviour and other drivers in the operating environment will affect the future...
Yrityksen kasvustrategian kehittäminen ja toteutuksen suunnittelu -Case Consista Oy
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2018)
Opinnäytetyö on tehty Consista Oy:lle yrityksen toimitusjohtajan Petri Lindgrenin toimeksiannosta. Consista Oy on tilitoimisto, joka tarjoaa pienille, keskikokoisille ja suurille yrityksille laadukasta ja kustannustehokasta kirjanpitoa ja...
Liikeidean onnistumisen mahdollistavat tekijät organisaation sisäisestä näkökulmasta
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2018)
Liikeidea kertoo yrityksen tavasta toteuttaa liiketoimintaa. Se vastaa kysymyksiin, mitkä ovat markkinat ja markkinoiden vaatimukset sekä mitä tuotteita tai palveluita markkinoille tuotetaan. Se kertoo myös, millä resursseilla, organisaatiorakenteilla ja toimintaperiaatteilla tuotteet tai palvelut asiakkaalle tuotetaan. Liikeideassa onnistuminen edellyttää edellä mainittujen osatekijöiden yhteensopivuutta.
Tässä tutkimuksessa selvitettiin liikeidean onnistumisen mahdollistavia tekijöitä organisaation sisäisestä näkökulmasta ja tutkimusongelmaa tarkasteltiin kohdeorganisaation kautta. Kohdeorganisaationa toimi suomalainen palvelualan organisaatio. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli löytää liikeidean onnistumisen mahdollistavat tekijät yhtiön sisäisestä näkökulmasta ja tätä kautta tuoda kohdeorganisaation tietoisuuteen tutkimustulosten perusteella kehitysehdotuksia, jotta liikeideaa voitaisiin entistä paremmin toteuttaa.
Tutkimuksen teoriaperusta rakentui liikeidean käsitteen ympärille, mutta kohdeorganisaation liiketoiminnan luonteen vuoksi tärkeitä käsitteitä olivat myös organisaation sisäinen toiminta sekä palveluliiketoiminnan johtaminen. Tärkeimpinä kirjallisia lähteitä olivat mm. Richard Normannin liiketoimintaa ja liikeideoita koskevat teoriat, Christian Grönroosin palveluliiketoimintaa koskevat teoriat sekä Michael E. Porterin teoriat organisaation rakenteista.
Tutkimusstrategiana käytettiin kehittämistutkimusta ja aineistonkeruussa sovellettiin perinteisiä laadullisen tutkimuksen menetelmiä. Tutkijalla oli käytettävissä kohdeorganisaation sisäisiä materiaaleja, joiden avulla perehdyttiin tutkittavan kohteen liikeideaan, organisaation rakenteisiin sekä palveluprosessiin. Tutkimuksessa haastateltiin kohdeorganisaation toimipisteiden päälliköitä ja lisäksi tutkijalla oli mahdollisuus järjestää kaikkia päälliköitä koskevat ryhmätyöskentelytilaisuudet kohdeorganisaation yhteisillä kehityspäivillä.
Liikeidean onnistuminen mahdollistetaan luomalla yhteensopivuutta liikeidean osatekijöiden välille. Tutkimustulosten perusteella kohdeorganisaation toimipisteiden välillä oli monia eroavaisuuksia niin toimipisteiden koossa, toimintatavoissa, prosessien tehokkuudessa kuin kyvyssä vastaanottaa muutoksia. Edellä mainitut tekijät vaikuttavat osaltaan eri liikeidean osa-alueiden yhteensopivuuteen. Liikeidean osatekijöiden yhteensopivuuden vahvistamiseksi tutkimuksen johtopäätöksenä esitettiin ratkaisuksi liiketoimintojen ryhmittelyä ja sitä kautta liiketoiminnan suunnittelua ryhmien tarpeiden mukaisesti.
Kehittämistutkimuksena tutkimuksen tuloksista ei voida tehdä yleispäteviä johtopäätöksiä, joten niiden hyöty rajoittui kohdeorganisaation toiminnan kehittämiseen. Koska tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin kohdeorganisaatiota yhtiön sisäisestä näkökulmasta, mahdollisia jatkotutkimusaiheita on laajentaa tarkastelu myös muihin liikeidean osa-alueisiin....
A business idea describes how a business implements its operations. It defines the target market and its requirements. It describes what products or services are offered, how they are offered and what kind of resources, organizational structures...
A business idea describes how a business implements its operations. It defines the target market and its requirements. It describes what products or services are offered, how they are offered and what kind of resources, organizational structures...
Liiketoiminnan kehittäminen segmentoidun asiakasryhmän kautta- Uusi sisältöstrategia verkkoon
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2018)
. Lähtötilanteessa kohdeyrityksen toimintaa ja sidosryhmiä tutkittiin Business Model Canvas-menetelmän avulla, koska sen avulla hahmottui kokonaiskuva yrityksestä ja sen toiminnasta. Yritys toimii HoReCa-toimialalla Suomessa ja Virossa ja sen toiminta perustuu...
The purpose of this thesis was to study what kind of expectations a yet unknown customer group has for a company’s organization and offering. The study has three approaches in relation to this customer group, which are customers, partners or competitors. In the starting point, the operation of the target company and interest groups were examined with the help of the Business Model Canvas method. With the help of BMC, the general view of the company and its operation took shape. The company operates within the HoReCa branch in Finland and Estonia. The company offers turnkey solutions to the clients with high-quality products and services. The subject of the thesis was selected based on the wish of the company to study a yet unknown customer group and their expectations for the company. The company intends to utilize the obtained results in the planning and implementation of its renewed web pages and in the production of their contents. Furthermore, I believe that the research results can be more widely utilized in other branches. The theoretical framework consists of four parts where the concept of a customer, partner or competitor are explained. Furthermore, it is demonstrated what today's marketing can be as well as the significance of the contents. Furthermore, the operation and interaction of a customer, marketing and sales were examined. The research method was qualitative study and the method used to collect information was theme interview. The persons interviewed were professionals in their field. The interview material was abundant, so it was divided into four themes for analyzing. The content of the interviews was introduced one theme at a time and the text was enlivened with direct quotes from the interviews. Finally the main findings were introduced in the summary tables and the results were examined in relation to the theoretical framework. In the workshop that was arranged, the analyzed answers were utilized by creating an annual calendar as a development task. The annual calendar sequences the year of an examined customer group, environment and company. With the annual calendar method, customer-oriented marketing was genuinely designed. The results were studied in the second workshop and the obtained results helped in creating tasks for the marketing. To these tasks, a Customer Content Path was created. With Customer Content Path the company will be able to respond to the wishes and thoughts of the customer group (and take place) particularly in the Network marketing. The research results showed that the operation of the company must be systematically designed, it must know its own customers and their roles and must choose the customer groups that are important to the company. Furthermore, the company has to commit its own Sales Organization and create the processes, which support customer-oriented work. A company’s marketing, its online presence and what kind of content it has on its website must speak to the chosen customer groups. The development proposal for the future is to create the structure of the electronic commerce of the web pages by utilizing the received development ideas. After the web pages are completed, it is possible to measure the success of the content marketing with the help of Google-analysis....
The purpose of this thesis was to study what kind of expectations a yet unknown customer group has for a company’s organization and offering. The study has three approaches in relation to this customer group, which are customers, partners or competitors. In the starting point, the operation of the target company and interest groups were examined with the help of the Business Model Canvas method. With the help of BMC, the general view of the company and its operation took shape. The company operates within the HoReCa branch in Finland and Estonia. The company offers turnkey solutions to the clients with high-quality products and services. The subject of the thesis was selected based on the wish of the company to study a yet unknown customer group and their expectations for the company. The company intends to utilize the obtained results in the planning and implementation of its renewed web pages and in the production of their contents. Furthermore, I believe that the research results can be more widely utilized in other branches. The theoretical framework consists of four parts where the concept of a customer, partner or competitor are explained. Furthermore, it is demonstrated what today's marketing can be as well as the significance of the contents. Furthermore, the operation and interaction of a customer, marketing and sales were examined. The research method was qualitative study and the method used to collect information was theme interview. The persons interviewed were professionals in their field. The interview material was abundant, so it was divided into four themes for analyzing. The content of the interviews was introduced one theme at a time and the text was enlivened with direct quotes from the interviews. Finally the main findings were introduced in the summary tables and the results were examined in relation to the theoretical framework. In the workshop that was arranged, the analyzed answers were utilized by creating an annual calendar as a development task. The annual calendar sequences the year of an examined customer group, environment and company. With the annual calendar method, customer-oriented marketing was genuinely designed. The results were studied in the second workshop and the obtained results helped in creating tasks for the marketing. To these tasks, a Customer Content Path was created. With Customer Content Path the company will be able to respond to the wishes and thoughts of the customer group (and take place) particularly in the Network marketing. The research results showed that the operation of the company must be systematically designed, it must know its own customers and their roles and must choose the customer groups that are important to the company. Furthermore, the company has to commit its own Sales Organization and create the processes, which support customer-oriented work. A company’s marketing, its online presence and what kind of content it has on its website must speak to the chosen customer groups. The development proposal for the future is to create the structure of the electronic commerce of the web pages by utilizing the received development ideas. After the web pages are completed, it is possible to measure the success of the content marketing with the help of Google-analysis....
Sähköiset tukipalvelut osaksi yhtenäistä B to B - myyntiä : Case: Tamron apteekkitiimi
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2018)
Tämän opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli kehittää ja yhdenmukaistaa Tamro Oyj:n apteekkiasiakkuuksien kanssa toimivan tiimin työskentelyä sähköisten tukipalveluiden avulla. Ottamalla apteekkilaisille suunnatut sähköiset palvelut voimakkaasti osaksi...
Tekstiviestituuppauksen vaikutus yrittäjien YEL-vakuutuksen työtulon muuttamiseen
(Laurea-ammattikorkeakoulu, 2018)
Tämän opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli tutkia tekstiviestin vaikuttavuutta tuuppauskeinona yrittäjille ja saada heitä korottamaan työtulonsa kattamaan vähintään työttömyysturvan rajan. Tutkimuksessa haluttiin myös selvittää, onko viestin tyylillä...
The aim of this thesis is to study how a text message as a nudge influences an entrepreneur’s behavior. The aim is to get entrepreneurs to raise their Self-employed Persons’ Pension Act (YEL) income to cover the level of unemployment rate. The study also wanted to find out if there is any behavioral between different kinds of text message styles. A nudge is a way to influence human behavior in a certain way without rejecting any other choices or possibili-ties. In Finland entrepreneurs have the responsibility to arrange their pension insurance (YEL) themselves. The level of YEL income is the base for insurance payments but also the basis for the accruing pension and social security. Entrepreneurs can decide the level of YEL income which is the value of the work. Biggest problems within the YEL insurance are underinsuring and that entrepreneurs are not very active in changing the level of the income. In the area of behavioral economics there are biases and heuristics that affect our decision-making. In this thesis, some biases have been pointed out that might affect an entrepreneur’s decisions about the level of the income and changing the income level. The thesis also presents the customer journey map of YEL insurance and bottlenecks and the decision-making process of changing the YEL insurance level. The aim of the text message nudge was to influence the most critical bottlenecks of decision-making. The study was made in co-operation with a Finnish pension insurance company exploiting their YEL insurance customers. The text message nudge was implemented in September 2017. The study was executed as a randomized controlled trial. The target group of the study were entrepreneurs whose YEL income level was under the unemployment rate and who had a mo-bile phone number. The age target was entrepreneurs under 63 years. The target group was divided into three different groups A, B and C. The study group A received a personalized text message and group B received an objective and informative text message. Group C was a control group. Every group consisted of 1000 entrepreneurs of different ages and in total, there were 3000 entrepreneurs in the study. The amount of changes was not remarkable, but in groups A and B there still was a signifi-cant change in the level of YEL income. In group A there were more changes than in group B. However, in group B there was also a significant change in the level of YEL income. There were only few changes in control group C, and there was no significant change in the level of YEL income. Based on the results, the text message had an influence on entrepreneurs’ be-havior to change the level of their income. In many international studies about text messages as a nudge, personalization has been the most effective. In this study personalization also turned out to be a very effective way to nudge....
The aim of this thesis is to study how a text message as a nudge influences an entrepreneur’s behavior. The aim is to get entrepreneurs to raise their Self-employed Persons’ Pension Act (YEL) income to cover the level of unemployment rate. The study also wanted to find out if there is any behavioral between different kinds of text message styles. A nudge is a way to influence human behavior in a certain way without rejecting any other choices or possibili-ties. In Finland entrepreneurs have the responsibility to arrange their pension insurance (YEL) themselves. The level of YEL income is the base for insurance payments but also the basis for the accruing pension and social security. Entrepreneurs can decide the level of YEL income which is the value of the work. Biggest problems within the YEL insurance are underinsuring and that entrepreneurs are not very active in changing the level of the income. In the area of behavioral economics there are biases and heuristics that affect our decision-making. In this thesis, some biases have been pointed out that might affect an entrepreneur’s decisions about the level of the income and changing the income level. The thesis also presents the customer journey map of YEL insurance and bottlenecks and the decision-making process of changing the YEL insurance level. The aim of the text message nudge was to influence the most critical bottlenecks of decision-making. The study was made in co-operation with a Finnish pension insurance company exploiting their YEL insurance customers. The text message nudge was implemented in September 2017. The study was executed as a randomized controlled trial. The target group of the study were entrepreneurs whose YEL income level was under the unemployment rate and who had a mo-bile phone number. The age target was entrepreneurs under 63 years. The target group was divided into three different groups A, B and C. The study group A received a personalized text message and group B received an objective and informative text message. Group C was a control group. Every group consisted of 1000 entrepreneurs of different ages and in total, there were 3000 entrepreneurs in the study. The amount of changes was not remarkable, but in groups A and B there still was a signifi-cant change in the level of YEL income. In group A there were more changes than in group B. However, in group B there was also a significant change in the level of YEL income. There were only few changes in control group C, and there was no significant change in the level of YEL income. Based on the results, the text message had an influence on entrepreneurs’ be-havior to change the level of their income. In many international studies about text messages as a nudge, personalization has been the most effective. In this study personalization also turned out to be a very effective way to nudge....









