Prevention of Pressure Ulcers Among the Elderly : Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to assess the preventive strategies aimed at preventing the occurrence of pressure ulcers among the elderly, with a specific emphasis on the role of nurses in these prevention approaches.

Methods: A comprehensive exploration of electronic databases was conducted, yielding ten articles that underwent analysis in this study. Imogene King's theory of goal attainment was applied to emphasize the significance of patient-nurse interaction in delivering patient-centered care.

Results: The findings were organized into two main themes. The initial theme explores preventive measures for the elderly, encompassing sub-themes like nutritional support, regular skin assessment and care, management of underlying conditions such as chronic illnesses, repositioning methods, and the utilization of pressure-relieving devices. The subsequent core theme concentrates on knowledge and awareness, involving sub-themes like educational initiatives and training, as well as effective communication and meticulous documentation.

Conclusion: The study concluded that preventing pressure ulcers among the elderly necessitates a multi-pronged approach that encompasses skin assessment, management of chronic conditions, proper nutrition and hydration, repositioning techniques, specialized devices, continuous education, effective communication, and meticulous documentation. By weaving these strategies together, nurses can significantly reduce the risk of pressure ulcers and promote the holistic well-being of elderly patients.