Management of information and knowledge in matrix project organizations

Abstract

This master’s thesis examined the challenges and practices of information and knowledge management within a case company in the industrial business that operates with multidisciplinary project organizations using a matrix structure. The research focus was on the project execution phase of project delivery. The study sought to understand fragmented, specialized roles in matrix organizations through user experiences. Information sharing, archiving, and application, as well as both explicit and tacit knowledge, were studied.

Using a mixed-methods approach combining survey responses from project professionals and post-completion project reports, the research identified recurring issues in communication, role clarity, and knowledge integration. Despite advancements in communication tools, fundamental problems persisted, particularly in archiving practices and in the transfer of context-rich information across disciplines. Knowledge management was not seen as adequate for individual learning.

The findings highlighted the need for clearer role-based information responsibilities, improved reflective learning practices, and standardized best practices to support collaboration and decision-making. Recommendations included enhancing post-completion reporting, implementing continuous role-based archiving, and redefining role expectations to better support knowledge sharing.

This study contributed practical insights for improving organizational performance in matrix-based project environments, emphasizing the importance of structured knowledge flows and cross-disciplinary coordination. The study's inspiration was the importance of information and knowledge management for a knowledge management company that creates value by engineering design and products through information and knowledge processes