Analysis of drag in pipes during a flow and its minimization by physical and chemical methods. : A study on drag reducing additives
Panthi, Sumit (2015)
Panthi, Sumit
Arcada - Nylands svenska yrkeshögskola
2015
All rights reserved
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201504124230
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201504124230
Tiivistelmä
Transportation of fluids in pipes always creates a phenomenon called drag or friction which is opposing the flow of fluid. Considerable amount of energy loss is seen in pipes due to viscous and drag/frictional effects. This is considered as a pressing problem in material transportation due to the growing deficit of energy in present world. Through this thesis, the problem is intercepted by analysing the fluid flow behaviours in different flow regimes and by the use of drag reducing additives. These additives would decrease the energy loss by decreasing drag effects in a flow.
The experiment was performed in Heat Transfer Laboratory/System of Arcada University of Applied Sciences where pipes of different lengths and diameters were investigated. The experiment was done by connecting the experimental pipes to the system and circulating fluid through them. The head loss and friction coefficients of fluid were analysed to understand their functioning under laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Flow improving additives were used on the system to study their effects on the friction and head loss. High molecular weight polymer, Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) and a surfactant, Sodium Salicylate (NaSal) were the two additives used in the fluid in the ratio of 500 ppm and 220 ppm respectively.
Pressure drop was seen even in short length pipes of length 2.5 and 5 metres acknowledging the drag effects of pipes cannot be neglected. Friction and head loss are found to be influenced highly by Reynolds number depending on type of flow. Considerable amount of head loss reduction was achieved by introduction of the chemical additives. Maximum head loss reduction was observed in higher Reynolds number showing greater efficiency of the additives in turbulent flow.
The experiment was performed in Heat Transfer Laboratory/System of Arcada University of Applied Sciences where pipes of different lengths and diameters were investigated. The experiment was done by connecting the experimental pipes to the system and circulating fluid through them. The head loss and friction coefficients of fluid were analysed to understand their functioning under laminar and turbulent flow regimes. Flow improving additives were used on the system to study their effects on the friction and head loss. High molecular weight polymer, Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) and a surfactant, Sodium Salicylate (NaSal) were the two additives used in the fluid in the ratio of 500 ppm and 220 ppm respectively.
Pressure drop was seen even in short length pipes of length 2.5 and 5 metres acknowledging the drag effects of pipes cannot be neglected. Friction and head loss are found to be influenced highly by Reynolds number depending on type of flow. Considerable amount of head loss reduction was achieved by introduction of the chemical additives. Maximum head loss reduction was observed in higher Reynolds number showing greater efficiency of the additives in turbulent flow.