Non-pharmacological pain management in adults after surgery: literature review
Wang, Zhiwei (2022)
Wang, Zhiwei
2022
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2022051910577
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2022051910577
Tiivistelmä
Postoperative pain is one of the most serious and concerned problems in patients undergoing surgery. Effective postoperative pain management can reduce patients’ pain, decrease the use of analgesics and complications, increase patient satisfaction. Due to the side effects and the risk of addiction of medications, more and more researchers and guidelines recommend multi-mode management of postoperative pain. Non-pharmacological therapies are methods to manage pain without drugs. They have the characteristics of low cost, safety and easy implementation by nurses, and have been more and more widely recommended and applied.
The thesis is about non-pharmacological pain management in adults after surgery. The theoretical background includes the concept and classification of pain, pain management, concept and methods of non-pharmacological pain management. The purpose is to search for and describe non-pharmacological pain management, to find effective and high-quality evidence to guide surgical nursing clinical practice. The study conducted based on literature review, the data were obtained from Laurea Electronic Library databases and Google Scholar. The selected articles were English articles published from 2012 to 2021 on adult surgical patients. Ten articles in three non-drug methods were included, which were analyzed and summarized using synthesis method separately.
The findings of this thesis show that massage can reduce postoperative pain intensity, it can be part of the multimodal pain management scheme. It is necessary to raise awareness of massage therapy to promote its use. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture can decrease postoperative pain and the consumption of analgesics, electroacupuncture might also reduce analgesics related side effects. They can be used as an adjuvant therapy for postoperative pian management. Virtual reality (VR) can relieve pain after surgery, it may be able to improve patients’ satisfaction and shorten the hospital stay. VR is a safe and effective non-drug technology. It can be as an adjunct method for postoperative pain management.
The thesis is about non-pharmacological pain management in adults after surgery. The theoretical background includes the concept and classification of pain, pain management, concept and methods of non-pharmacological pain management. The purpose is to search for and describe non-pharmacological pain management, to find effective and high-quality evidence to guide surgical nursing clinical practice. The study conducted based on literature review, the data were obtained from Laurea Electronic Library databases and Google Scholar. The selected articles were English articles published from 2012 to 2021 on adult surgical patients. Ten articles in three non-drug methods were included, which were analyzed and summarized using synthesis method separately.
The findings of this thesis show that massage can reduce postoperative pain intensity, it can be part of the multimodal pain management scheme. It is necessary to raise awareness of massage therapy to promote its use. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture can decrease postoperative pain and the consumption of analgesics, electroacupuncture might also reduce analgesics related side effects. They can be used as an adjuvant therapy for postoperative pian management. Virtual reality (VR) can relieve pain after surgery, it may be able to improve patients’ satisfaction and shorten the hospital stay. VR is a safe and effective non-drug technology. It can be as an adjunct method for postoperative pain management.