Energy harvesting from unconventional sources to power IoT sensor applications
Nadeem, Muhammad Qaisar (2024)
Nadeem, Muhammad Qaisar
2024
All rights reserved. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2024050710001
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2024050710001
Tiivistelmä
The rapid technological advancement in electronics and communication systems has boosted the interest in the Internet of Things (IoT) based system with its applications in monitoring and control of not only industrial processes, transportation, education, defense, and smart city management but also in the sports and healthcare industry. The state-of-the-art integrated systems on the chip now consume ultra-low power of micro and nano watts thus bringing the possibilities for the design and development of miniaturized and cost-effective IoT systems. Most of the IoT devices are used in remote or mobile units with wireless sensor nodes powered using batteries which adversely affect the lifespan and cost of the sensor node but also impact the reliability of the whole IoT system.
Micro energy harvesting solutions from unconventional energy sources can now address such challenges of battery charging and extend the lifespan of IoT systems but also can eliminate the use of batteries in some applications. These solutions reduce the initial and maintenance costs of IoT-based sensor systems and improve the ecology of the environment. In battery-less IoT systems, supercapacitors are used to temporarily retain the energy, and the operation time is optimized in slots especially to operate the most power-hungry blocks such as communication radios of the IOT sensor node. The energy harvesting systems deploy techniques to yield power from sources present in the ambiance of IoT sensor nodes.
In this work, the chemical energy harvesting technique from unconventional sources such as salt water is studied to run ultra-low power on-chip IoT sensor applications. The chemical energy harvesting electrodes are developed using various materials and an extensive set of experiments are performed to validate the proposed idea in a controlled lab environment. The aim is to develop flexible energy-harvesting electrodes using off-the-shelf rolled sheet materials which can later be used as printable solutions to harvest green energy from urine to power the economical and disposable wearable healthcare sensor node for smart diapers.
Micro energy harvesting solutions from unconventional energy sources can now address such challenges of battery charging and extend the lifespan of IoT systems but also can eliminate the use of batteries in some applications. These solutions reduce the initial and maintenance costs of IoT-based sensor systems and improve the ecology of the environment. In battery-less IoT systems, supercapacitors are used to temporarily retain the energy, and the operation time is optimized in slots especially to operate the most power-hungry blocks such as communication radios of the IOT sensor node. The energy harvesting systems deploy techniques to yield power from sources present in the ambiance of IoT sensor nodes.
In this work, the chemical energy harvesting technique from unconventional sources such as salt water is studied to run ultra-low power on-chip IoT sensor applications. The chemical energy harvesting electrodes are developed using various materials and an extensive set of experiments are performed to validate the proposed idea in a controlled lab environment. The aim is to develop flexible energy-harvesting electrodes using off-the-shelf rolled sheet materials which can later be used as printable solutions to harvest green energy from urine to power the economical and disposable wearable healthcare sensor node for smart diapers.