The Power of Perspective: an exploration through participatory video of what frames belonging for descendants of migrants

Abstract

There have been a limited number of Finnish studies that have looked at identity formation and belonging in the descendants of migrants in Finland and what it means to be Finnish with a migrant background. This qualitative, participant-aided study aimed to expand upon that by exploring both micro and macro level discourses that shaped the understanding of belonging among descendants of migrants in the town of Kokkola and what is the connection between their belonging and their drive for civic participation. Additionally, it sought to answer the question if belonging for the participants was perceived as positional and reflexive to the environment.

Using the method of participatory video, five participants, aged 16-27, were able to share stories and experiences that have influenced their sense of belonging in the community. A thematic analysis was conducted on the data generated through the process, with Goffman’s frame analysis being employed as the theoretical lens from which to interpret the data.

The analysis of the video content, supplemented by group discussions and reflective feedback, revealed four major frames: (1) Racial minority or marginalization frame, (2) Educational environment frame, (3) Peer group frame, and (4) Parental integration frame. Furthermore, it was shown that belonging for the participants is largely positioned and effects by the environment and people.

This thesis work offers notable work-life benefits, particularly in fields involving multi- and bi-culturalism and integration. The thesis highlights the positional and reflexive nature of belonging, emphasizing the importance of context and environment. Social service professionals can use this insight to create inclusive programs that recognize the dynamic and situational aspects of identity and belonging. The findings also show the significance of promoting peer networks and inclusive practices in educational settings in helping descendants of migrants feel a stronger sense of community and participation. Additionally, policy makers can use the findings to make more informed decisions for policy that are aimed to mitigate marginalization and to aid in successful integration.