Prevention methods to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs)

Abstract

Central venous catheter (CVC) is used to monitor hemodynamic indexes, administer intravenous medication, transfusion, blood products and parenteral nutrition. However, as an invasive diagnostic and therapeutic method, it can be easily colonized by microorganisms, which may lead to catheter-associated bloodstream infection (BSI) and other complications, making treatment difficult and increasing patient pain and medical costs. Central venous catheters are widely used in the emergency department, Intensive Care Unit and other clinical departments. As medical technology advances, what preventive measures have been reported to reduce blood stream infections associated with central venous catheters what concepts and new concepts can be learned? We find these answers through literature review, which can guide clinical nursing practice. And to investigate the effects of various prevention methods on central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infections.

We searched Medic, Joanna Briggs (Ovid), ProQuest, PubMed, Cinahl with fulltext (EBSCO), Cochrane Reviews. The search keyword is CATHETER-RELATED BLOODSTREAM INFECTION. Studies addressing care and maintenance of central venous catheters, published from January 2015 to May 2020 were searched. Inclusion criteria were studies published in the last five years, written in English, in adult patients, involving care and maintenance before, during and after catheterization, and involving abstract or title of the subject. Exclusion criteria were papers addressing a pediatric or neonatal population; addressed peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), hemodialysis, or peripheral and arterial catheters; or did not address preventive measures to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections. Design tables to collect data and analyze data.

All of these articles have been written within the last 9 years. Most of the authors are from ICU, Anesthesiology, Surgery and other clinical departments and come from different countries, America, France, Japan, Greece, Jack, Australia, China, Finland and so on. Methods for preventing catheter-related bloodstream infections include aseptic procedures, barriers, management, and strategies.

Prevention of bloodstream infections associated with central venous catheters requires multidisciplinary collaboration. The goal of an effective prevention program should be to minimize CRBSI as much as possible. Catheter colonization is an important monitoring index to study catheter-related bloodstream infection and provides a theoretical basis and evidence-based method for our clinical nursing measures to prevent central venous bloodstream infection.