Freight Consolidation for Road Transportation in E-commerce Industry in Vietnam

Abstract

In the world of digitalization, e-commerce has been growing tremendously, specifically online shopping channels in Vietnam. As online shopping grows, particularly through platforms such as Shopee, TikTok Shop, and Lazada, the demand for last-mile delivery increases significantly, placing pressure on logistics systems predominantly dependent on motorcycle-based transport. The study aims to identify the key factors that negatively impact the efficiency of freight consolidation and propose practical solutions to enhance delivery performance and sustainability. By using a quantitative approach, the study examines data from 85 online survey respondents comprising logistics professionals, motorcycle couriers, and e-commerce platform managers. The theoretical framework draws on concepts of freight consolidation and sustainability, last-mile delivery, and e-commerce delivery in Vietnam. The findings reveal that poor coordination with third-party logistics providers, lack of real-time data, and inadequate warehouse infrastructure significantly undermine consolidation efforts. Despite these challenges, the study also identifies strategic solutions, including integrated logistics platforms, real-time tracking, and urban consolidation centers. While the study provides valuable insights into Vietnam’s unique logistics landscape, limitations include a relatively small sample size and limited focus on policy and regulatory frameworks. This research offers practical recommendations to improve consolidation and supports the development of more sustainable and efficient last-mile delivery systems in Vietnam.