Workplace Satisfaction in Finland's Gig Economy : A Study of Food Delivery Courier

Abstract

This thesis investigates the most important determinants of work satisfaction among couriers in Finland's food delivery industry, i.e., their socio-economic and operational challenges. The research is carried out by applying a qualitative research method through ten semi-structured interviews with couriers working in two prominent food delivery companies, Wolt and Foodora. Using thematic analysis, the study picks up some essential drivers of job satisfaction such as earnings insecurity, work flexibility, and lack of social protection. Couriers appreciate the flexibility and independence that the gig economy job offers and enable them to cope with their household and business life. But all these advantages are balanced by insecure earnings, financial exposure, and the lack of employment benefits such as sick leave and health cover, leading to dissatisfaction.

The research also reveals serious safety issues, especially among electric bike couriers and cycle couriers, who are at risk from road accidents and the lack of protective gear. Additionally, the research reveals dissatisfaction with communication systems presented by the platforms of delivery as a product not sufficient in responding to issues connected with delivery. The research predicts better income protection, better functioning channels of communication, and individually tailored safety elements to improve worker satisfaction. The research also suggests more social protection in health protection and pension programmes to promote health among the messengers. The study is insightful for policy makers and courier platforms who would be interested in introducing better working conditions and safety precautions for gig economy workers.