Synthesis of biodiesel from Vietnamese spent coffee ground : Development of Synthesis Method
Ngan, Nguyen (2020)
Ngan, Nguyen
2020
All rights reserved. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2021062216548
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2021062216548
Tiivistelmä
Fossil fuel is defined as a substance which can be burned to provide energy, heat and power. Therefore, it plays an essential part in human being’s life. In recent years, fossil fuel has become a concerning problem because the excessive exploitation and usage of this resource. As a result, fuel not only exhausts rapidly but also impacts negatively on the environment. There is question that scientists are looking for an answer- “How can we find an alternative source of energy, other than fossil fuel, which provides lower life-cycle consumption and emits greenhouse for sustainable growth of fuel industry?”.
Biofuel, especially biodiesel, is one of the best answers for this question. Biodiesel can be produced from both vegetable oil and animal fat. Due to the characteristic of biodiesel, which is quite similar to diesel, it sparks the ability to replace diesel source. In many countries, edible oil-bearing crops such as coconut oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, coffee oil are potential sources to produce biodiesel. Final prod ucts of them are non-edible oil.
The main purpose of this final thesis is to develop a method to produce biodiesel from a non-edible oil which is named as “spent coffee ground oil” with high capacity. Spent coffee ground oil is high free fatty acid and impurities. Therefore, the procedure includes three stages: pre-treatment with alcohol, acid catalysed esterification and alkali catalysed transesterification in order to convert crude coffee ground oil to mono-ester. In addition, there are two main factors related to the conversion efficiency of process: molar ratio (oil/alcohol) and amount of catalyst. After that, by determining important proper ties such as density at 15 ͦC, kinematic viscosity at 40 ͦC, acid value (AV), the oxidation stability and cetane number, the quality of this biodiesel will be evaluated correctly. The results demonstrate that spent coffee ground will become a potential biomass source for industrial biodiesel production.
Biofuel, especially biodiesel, is one of the best answers for this question. Biodiesel can be produced from both vegetable oil and animal fat. Due to the characteristic of biodiesel, which is quite similar to diesel, it sparks the ability to replace diesel source. In many countries, edible oil-bearing crops such as coconut oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, coffee oil are potential sources to produce biodiesel. Final prod ucts of them are non-edible oil.
The main purpose of this final thesis is to develop a method to produce biodiesel from a non-edible oil which is named as “spent coffee ground oil” with high capacity. Spent coffee ground oil is high free fatty acid and impurities. Therefore, the procedure includes three stages: pre-treatment with alcohol, acid catalysed esterification and alkali catalysed transesterification in order to convert crude coffee ground oil to mono-ester. In addition, there are two main factors related to the conversion efficiency of process: molar ratio (oil/alcohol) and amount of catalyst. After that, by determining important proper ties such as density at 15 ͦC, kinematic viscosity at 40 ͦC, acid value (AV), the oxidation stability and cetane number, the quality of this biodiesel will be evaluated correctly. The results demonstrate that spent coffee ground will become a potential biomass source for industrial biodiesel production.