Organic alternatives to plastic mulching

Abstract

This thesis experiments biodegradable alternatives to plastic mulching materials in field conditions at Frantsila Herb Farm (Frantsila luomuyrttitila). Targeting to identify materials that assist plant growth, retain soil moisture, and suppress weeds while being 100% biodegradable, the study evaluates eighteen mulching treatments, including organic waste byproducts, natural fibers, and compostable biofiber mats. The experiment lasted from spring to late summer, with measurements on plant growth, soil moisture, soil pH, and weed biomass. The results demonstrate that certain biodegradable materials, such as ManPas manure, hemp mat, and the thicker biofiber mat, are promising in their potential to replace plastic by offering comparable or even superior benefits. However, treatments like white and dark wool were less effective in suppressing weeds, with weed biomass observed at higher levels than with other materials. These findings contribute to Frantsila's shift towards regenerative agriculture and provide insights for sustainable mulching practices in agriculture.