Prevention and Management of High Blood Pressure in Older Adults

Abstract

Hypertension, elevated blood pressure readings exceeding 140/90 mmHg, is a global health issue widely documented as, a major contributor to cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. 1.13 billion People are affected globally. These statistics demand effective measures in managing and preventing hypertension, especially in the elderly, who are mostly affected.

This study aimed to enhance nurses' and healthcare providers’ understanding of effective approaches for preventing and managing hypertension among the elderly. A qualitative systematic literature review methodology with a comprehensive literature search of scientific electronic databases which included EBSCO, CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, and Science Direct was engaged. The theoretical framework employed in this study is Nola J. Pender's Health Promotion Model (HPM) theory

Three (3) key themes and eight (8) sub-themes emerged in total from the twelve (12) articles analyzed. The main findings showed healthy behavior which embodies salt control, healthy eating, weight management, and physical activity patient education amid information and training and medication adherence and finally self-management tools such as blood pressure monitor and mobile self-reporting are key effective ways that could be employed in preventing and managing hypertension in the older adults. In conclusion, the findings connect, lifestyle behavior, patient education, and self-management tools in the effective management and prevention of hypertension among the elderly.