Personal Development Needs for Ice Hockey Referees

Abstract

This diary-based thesis explores the professional development of an ice hockey linesman over an eight-week observation period in spring 2025. The work focuses on enhancing two key officiating competencies: mental preparation and positioning. The operating environment consists of competitive Finnish ice hockey leagues, including Mestis, U20 SM, U18, and U16 series, where the demands of fast-paced games and emotional intensity require referees to maintain high physical and mental standards. The objectives of the thesis were to integrate mental skills techniques, such as self-talk, centering, and visualization, into pre-game and in-game routines, and to develop positioning through anticipation, mobility, and reading of the game. The theoretical background draws on sport psychology research and referee training guidelines from sources such as Weinberg and Gould, Hardy et al., and the IIHF Officiating Guidelines. The implementation was carried out through regular match officiating, video analysis, self-reflection, and feedback sessions, spanning from 10 February to 4 April 2025. The results demonstrated significant improvements in concentration, decision-making, and on-ice positioning. Mental skills techniques proved effective in maintaining focus under pressure, especially during playoff games. Strategic positioning led to more accurate calls and safer movement patterns, with particular development seen in anticipating game transitions and managing fatigue. The diary entries, weekly overviews, and final discussion collectively indicate that structured mental and physical training positively supports an ice hockey referee’s professional growth.