Consumer Perception on Electric Vehicles in Bangladesh: A Step Towards a Greener Bangladesh

Abstract

The increasing global focus on sustainable transport underscores the significance of electric vehicles (EVs). However, their rate of uptake differs markedly across regions, particularly within developing economies like Bangladesh, which presents distinct market characteristics such as a high prevalence of reconditioned vehicles and an immature charging infrastructure. A clear gap in understanding existed regarding how potential buyers in such a setting perceive EVs. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the determinants influencing the intention of current vehicle owners in Bangladesh to adopt EVs. The core objectives included identifying prevailing viewpoints and sentiments concerning EVs, pinpointing the critical elements that substantially affect adoption intentions, and revealing perceived obstacles and motivating factors. A quantitative methodology involving a cross-sectional survey was employed. Information was gathered from a sample of 200 existing car owners or principal users residing in key Bangladeshi urban areas, using a structured survey instrument grounded in established theories of technology acceptance. The gathered data subsequently underwent analysis using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software. The analysis confirmed that the measurement model demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity. Further assessment of the structural model identified Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Value, Social Influence, and Environmental Concern as statistically significant positive predictors of EV Adoption Intention, while Perceived Cost showed a significant negative relationship. Conversely, Perceived Infrastructure Availability did not exhibit a significant direct impact on adoption intention within this specific sample. Collectively, the developed model accounted for a substantial portion (68.5%) of the variance observed in EV Adoption Intention.The study concluded that, within the preliminary diffusion phase of the EV market in Bangladesh, the intentions of potential consumers to adopt these vehicles are strongly molded by their perceptions related to the vehicles' practical utility, simplicity of operation, financial implications (encompassing both cost and value considerations), prevailing social norms, and environmental advantages. Interestingly, while the practical aspects of infrastructure are objectively vital, they did not manifest as a direct and significant driver of adoption intention at this nascent stage. These research outcomes offer valuable perspectives for policymakers and relevant stakeholders seeking to devise effective strategies to foster greater EV adoption throughout Bangladesh.