Modelling and Simulating a Microgrid System at Åland University's Energy Lab Using MATLAB Simulink and Simscape

Abstract

This thesis investigates Microgrid modelling and the simulation of a Microgrid system based on the Energy Lab at Åland University of Applied Sciences. The dynamic system consists of a central photovoltaic (PV) roof with Fronius inverters, two 100 kW diesel generators, a battery energy storage system (BESS) and several controllable (dynamic) loads. A comprehensive simulation model was built for the Microgrid with MATLAB Simulink and Simscape to investigate the Microgrid’s performance in different operation modes such as grid-connected, planned islanding, black start and resynchronisation. Detailed models of generation sources, storage, and loads are implemented in the study, including realistic control strategies, such as frequency control, load shedding, and power-sharing logic. System response to dynamic load changes, grid faults and transitions among operating modes are evaluated in the simulation. The results show that the system maintains voltage and frequency stability, prioritises load, and coordinates source synchronization. This work offers significant implications related to improving Microgrid operation, control and applications for teaching and further supports research on sustainable and resilient power systems.