Study of the Effectiveness of Maritime Risk and Deficiency Reporting

Abstract

This thesis examined how actively and effectively crew members intervene in observed safety issues on Finnish vessels and how well the safety reporting practices function in reality. The aim was also to identify the factors that promote or interfere the reporting of safety deficiencies. And in addition, to find out possible improvements to make the reporting process more efficient.

The study was conducted through two structured online questionnaires, one targeted to ship crews and the other to company DPAs. Overall, nine company DPAs and 34 seafarers of multiple positions did participate in the surveys. The survey data consisted of both multiple-choice and open questions, which provided quantitative and qualitative insights into current reporting practices and attitudes toward safety reporting culture.

The results showed that safety reporting is a well-established practice in Finnish shipping companies and their vessels, and the crew is generally active in participating in the reporting process. Reports are typically handled through electronic systems and reviewed with the crew. In many cases, corrective actions are taken relatively quickly. However, the findings also revealed several challenges, such as inconsistent feedback, limited follow-up communication, and uncertainty about the actual impact of reporting. Additionally, some respondents found the reporting systems complicated or the process time-consuming.

Overall, the study concluded that while safety reporting onboard Finnish vessels generally functions effectively, there remains room for improvement in communication, feedback practices, and the encouragement of near-miss reporting.