Prevention of medication errors in pediatric wards. A scoping review

Abstract

This thesis aimed to explore effective strategies for minimizing medication errors in pediatric wards and to identify interventions that promote safer nursing practice. This study employed a scoping review, guided by Arksey and O’Malley (2005) scoping review framework and the PRISMA-ScR guideline by Tricco et al. (2018). Ten peer-reviewed articles using research and non-research studies, published between the years 2020 to 2025 that were retrieved from CINAHL, Medline, Ebsco and goggle schoolar databases. Thematic content analysis was used to identify themes that emerged from the articles studied regarding medication safety in pediatric nursing practices. The findings showed that a multifaceted approach to preventing medication errors was needed, which incorporates continuous education and simulation training, technology-enhanced systems such as computerized physician order entry with clinical decision support tools, effective medication reconciliation, and engagement of the family. Further, organizational factors such as supportive leadership, open communication, and non-punitive reporting were demonstrated to reinforce safety practices. These findings established that medication safety for pediatrics was dependent on individual clinician competence and system reliability. The findings also recommended institutional investments into leadership practices, teamwork abilities, and professional development that build strong safety cultures into pediatric nursing practices.