The Role of Nurses in Stoma Care: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Abstract/Summary Stoma formation is a life-changing surgical intervention requiring complex physical and psychosocial adaptation. While nurses are central to patient recovery, the scope and impact of their roles across the care pathway require consolidation. This study aimed to systematically review and synthesise existing evidence regarding the role of nurses in improving physical, psychological, and quality of life outcomes for adult stoma patients. Methods: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Three databases (CINAHL, Web of Science, and PubMed) were searched for primary quantitative studies published in English between 2015 and 2025. Twelve studies were selected and analysed through the theoretical lens of the Neuman Systems Model. Results: The review identified that nurses play a multidimensional role spanning preoperative siting, postoperative technical management, and long-term transitional support. Data from approximately 2,050 patients demonstrated that structured interventions such as the IKAP model, hydrocolloid dressing protocols, and digital follow-up platforms significantly reduced complications, including peristomal skin issues and leakage. Furthermore, nurse-led education directly correlated with improved self-efficacy and quality of life. Conclusion: Nursing interventions are critical determinants of optimal stoma care outcomes. The nursing role has evolved from task-oriented wound management to proactive, holistic care. Structured, evidence-based nursing interventions are critical determinants of patient stability and adaptation. Future practice should prioritise standardised clinical pathways and digital health integration to optimise outcomes.