Mekong erosion, hydropower development and sediment trapping by the reservoirs
Sah, Rajeev (2013)
Sah, Rajeev
Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulu
2013
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2013122622112
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2013122622112
Tiivistelmä
Erosion occurs from soil surface due to the kinetic energy of raindrop and surface flowing water. The energy of flowing water causes down cutting of the land, which results from soil migration and forest cutting. Bare land shows easy erosion behavior, and loose soil has greater potential for erosion than the vegetated land.
In the twenty-first century, the demand of energy for consumption is increasing. Hydropower is one of the cheaper sources for energy. These dams threaten the risk of livelihoods and food security of millions of people who depend upon the river’s resources. People living near to Mekong basin depend on the fish as main source of food.
The main purpose of thesis was to study the erosion pattern at Mekong River, sediment transport, the sediment trapping by the reservoir. The study was accomplished by the help of mathematical modelling based on the data of soil, water and geography. For this study EIA ltd has provided Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) model, Mekong model and input data. The first task was to test the sensitivity of the model specific parameters and to calibrate model parameter where output result flow and TSS (total suspended sediment) concentration match the measured result. The second task was to calculate sediment yield at Chiang Saen, 3S and Kratie. Reservoir sediment trapping efficiency was calculated from the model and also by using Brune’s model for comparative study. The results of this thesis show that the dam construction is the most important factor for sediment flux trapping. A sharp decrease in the sediment flux is due to the upstream dam construction.
In the twenty-first century, the demand of energy for consumption is increasing. Hydropower is one of the cheaper sources for energy. These dams threaten the risk of livelihoods and food security of millions of people who depend upon the river’s resources. People living near to Mekong basin depend on the fish as main source of food.
The main purpose of thesis was to study the erosion pattern at Mekong River, sediment transport, the sediment trapping by the reservoir. The study was accomplished by the help of mathematical modelling based on the data of soil, water and geography. For this study EIA ltd has provided Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) model, Mekong model and input data. The first task was to test the sensitivity of the model specific parameters and to calibrate model parameter where output result flow and TSS (total suspended sediment) concentration match the measured result. The second task was to calculate sediment yield at Chiang Saen, 3S and Kratie. Reservoir sediment trapping efficiency was calculated from the model and also by using Brune’s model for comparative study. The results of this thesis show that the dam construction is the most important factor for sediment flux trapping. A sharp decrease in the sediment flux is due to the upstream dam construction.