Poroaitojen sijaintitarkkuus Suomen ja Norjan rajalla : Kanalintujen törmäykset poroaitaan ja paliskuntakartan päivittäminen

Abstract

Opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli mitata Suomen ja Norjan rajalla sijaitsevan poroesteaidan sijainti maastossa. Mittaustuloksia verrattiin olemassa olevaan paikkatietoon, joka on saatu ilmakuvista digitoimalla. Maastomittaukset toteutet-tiin pääosin satelliittipaikannukseen perustuvalla mittauksella ja osin takymetri-mittauksin.

Poroesteaidan sijaintitiedon vertailun lisäksi seurasimme kanalintujen ja muiden eläimien törmäyksiä poroaitaan taustaprojektina. Tämä liittyi Metsähallituksen projektiin koko Lapin aitaverkoston seuraamisesta ja erilaisten varoitusvärien toimimisesta törmäyksien estämiseksi. Kolmantena taustaprojektina oli paliskuntakartan päivittäminen.

Aineiston käsittelyssä käytimme 3D Win- ja ArcGis-ohjelmia.

Avainsanat poroesteaita, poro, satelliittipaikannus, ilmakuva

This thesis discussed the location accuracy of the reindeer fence in the border of Finland and Norway. As side projects it also dealt with static surveying and it´s applications as well as mapping animal collisions to the reindeer fence. Third side project was updating the map of cooperative of reindeer herdsmen. The Thesis was commissioned by the Reindeer Herders' Association.

Most of the fence was surveyed using the VRS GPS surveying, which is based on satellite tracking. There are also areas where VRS-surveying is not possible because of quite big elevation changes in the terrain and the coverage caused by high density vegetation. In these situations static surveying and rendering of aerial images were used. To survey in some low-connection areas, TopCon total station was also used. As the surveying proceeded, traces of willow grouse and moose collisions to fence were mapped into different survey folders. Static surveying and its applications were tested finally. For analyzing and modifying of the survey data software like 3d- Win and ArcGIS were used.

The main result of the research was that in many places the current spatial data does not equate with the surveys related to this thesis. Because of this the reindeer fence should be surveyed if it is placed as an easement to property or if it goes along the border of two different properties. Mapping also revealed several places, where willow grouse had collided to reindeer fence. Because of this, Lapland University has started a project to find a warning color to prevent these collisions. What comes to static surveying, it is very usable especially in places where VRS surveying is not possible.

Key words reindeer fence, reindeer, willow grouse, satellite track-ing, aerial image