Assessing the role of blockchain-based voting systems in electoral processes

Abstract

This thesis examines the function of blockchain-based voting systems in improving electoral processes. Elec-toral processes worldwide face challenges such as vote tampering, electoral fraud, and administrative ineffi-ciencies, particularly in developing countries. Blockchain technology, defined by decentralization, transparen-cy, and unchangeability, has surfaced as a superior solution to the above challenges. This study analyzes blockchain principles, encompassing cryptographic security, consensus mechanisms, and smart contracts, assessing their relevance to voting systems. Multiple international case studies, such as blockchain-based elections in Sierra Leone, Norway, and Estonia, illustrate the integration of blockchain technology into elec-toral processes with differing levels of efficacy. Also discusses the implementation of blockchain-based vot-ing architectures using concorduim blockchain testnet, focusing on system authorization, election processes, and delegation mechanisms. Major findings highlight blockchain's ability to secure electoral data through cryptographic protocols and de-centralized networks, reducing the likelihood of vote manipulation and unauthorized access. Limitations in-cluding scalability, privacy issues, and possible backdoor vulnerabilities still remain a challenge for the tech-nology. The study also notes that while blockchain can enhance the technical aspects of elections, socio-political issues such as vote-buying and coercion remain unresolved.