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Skin Care Practices to Prevent Pressure Ulcers in Elderly Care Facilities : A Descriptive Literature Review

Bautista, Joselle; Tan, Myrel; Yap, Joy (2024)

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Bautista, Joselle
Tan, Myrel
Yap, Joy
2024
All rights reserved. This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-202502263414
Tiivistelmä
Elderly individuals are at greater risk for pressure ulcers, which can lead to pain, infections, and increased healthcare costs. Implementing effective skin care practices is essential to preventing these injuries and improving the overall quality of care in facilities for older individuals.

This literature review's objective was to outline skin care practices for preventing pressure ulcers in facilities that care for the elderly. It aimed to gather new insights that nurses can use to enhance skin care practices and decrease the occurrence of pressure ulcers in these settings.

Using data from the CINAHL and PubMed databases, 220 articles were initially found. After applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 articles were selected using the PRISMA method to answer the research questions: What skin care practices can be utilized to prevent pressure ulcers in elderly care facilities, and what factors affect the application of skin care practices to prevent pressure ulcers in elderly care facilities? These articles were then analyzed using inductive content analysis, resulting in nine (9) generic categories and thirteen (13) sub-categories. The two main categories are skin care practices that can be utilized to prevent pressure ulcers in elderly care facilities, and factors affecting the application of skin care practices to prevent pressure ulcers in elderly care facilities.

The study's results reveal that the prevalence of pressure ulcers can be reduced by using assessment tools, skin hydration techniques, and preventive exercises, among other effective prevention procedures. The lack of staff and the health issues that residents encounter, such as comorbidity and immobility, were also identified as barriers to the implementation of these techniques. Improvements in staff training and documentation also contribute to enhancing the general quality of care.
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