Nurse-led Palliative Care Interventions in Acute Care Setting

Abstract

Background: Nurse-led palliative care interventions in acute care settings have gained increasing attention due to their potential to enhance end-of-life care. However, the complexities of providing palliative care in fast-paced environments like intensive care units (ICUs) and emergency departments (EDs) present significant challenges for nurses.

Aim: This narrative literature review aims to explore the experiences of nurses in providing palliative care interventions within acute care settings, focusing on the emotional, professional, and institutional factors that influence care delivery.

Methods: A comprehensive review of 11 qualitative studies was conducted, with data analyzed through inductive coding to identify key themes. The articles included were focused on nurse-led palliative care interventions, nurse experiences, and barriers in acute care settings.

Results: Goals of acute palliative care include symptom management, dignity preservation, and holistic support for the patient. Nurses serve a critical function in easing suffering, promoting autonomy, and enhancing communication to ensure generous, person-centered care. Providing emotional and spiritual support supports comfort, while encouraging ethical decision-making ensures that care is aligned with patient values. Improved care quality and end-of-life outcomes through training and collaboration. These interventions promote well-being, restoration of dignity, and comfort for patients and their families during the decision-making process in a crisis.

Discussion: The findings suggest that nurse-led palliative care can improve patient outcomes by alleviating symptoms and enhancing comfort. However, barriers such as insufficient training, poor institutional support, and a lack of clear policies impede optimal care delivery. Enhancing nurse autonomy and improving emotional support systems were highlighted as essential steps toward better palliative care practices.

Conclusion: Nurses play a critical role in delivering palliative care in acute settings, yet institutional barriers continue to hinder their efforts. To improve palliative care, there is a need for robust training programs, clearer communication pathways, and the development of supportive policies that address the emotional and professional needs of nurses.

Keywords: palliative care; nurse-led interventions; acute care

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