Testing the Efficacy of The Prototype Water Purification System for Shower Water
Mishra, Anup (2015)
Mishra, Anup
Metropolia Ammattikorkeakoulu
2015
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201505198876
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-201505198876
Tiivistelmä
The purpose of the thesis was to study the prototype shower water purification system. The chemical analysis was done to check the removal efficiency and overall efficacy of the product and the impact of shampoo in the process.
An experimental design was then devised with 54 samples (27 before and 27 after) all to-gether. Three different concentration of shampoo 5 ml, 10ml and 15 ml were used to study the effect of shampoo in the process and to determine the efficiency process. Each concentration had 3 batches with 3 replicates. pH, calcium, magnesium, potassium, turbidity, surface Tension, fluoride chloride, phosphate and sulphate were measured with the help of different measuring equipment. The major application of the thesis will be in the small water purification system for individual homes and especially in the usage of activated carbon and sand as an effective measure for the purification system.
pH was measured with a pH meter, Ca, Mg and K were measured with the Atomic electron spectroscopy, turbidity was measured with turbidity meter, surface tension by Tensiometer and F, Cl, PO4 and SO4 were measured by Ion Chromatography. The experiments were performed in the Helsinki Metropolia UAS laboratory, while sampling was done in Vantaa.
Of the results analysed, the process had the highest average removal percentage for turbidity (98.8 %) while chloride removal was 55.89 %, fluoride removal was 46.28 % and calcium removal was 34.06 %. The average conductivity and sulphate removal were 13.6 % and 11.6 % while some elements had their amount increased, for instance in case of potassium (370.09%), surface tension (136 94 %) and phosphate (66.17 %). Magnesium and pH rose by 39.05% and 12.86 % respectively.
The analysis of the results with ANOVA and box plots showed the effect of concentration and batches concentration interaction for all of the elements along with their batches. It also suggested that the process set up was quite good for majority of the elements tested and ready to install with only two element exceeding the drinking water quality levels while further research was needed in the field of activated carbon and the use of other chemicals to precipitate the excess phosphates.
An experimental design was then devised with 54 samples (27 before and 27 after) all to-gether. Three different concentration of shampoo 5 ml, 10ml and 15 ml were used to study the effect of shampoo in the process and to determine the efficiency process. Each concentration had 3 batches with 3 replicates. pH, calcium, magnesium, potassium, turbidity, surface Tension, fluoride chloride, phosphate and sulphate were measured with the help of different measuring equipment. The major application of the thesis will be in the small water purification system for individual homes and especially in the usage of activated carbon and sand as an effective measure for the purification system.
pH was measured with a pH meter, Ca, Mg and K were measured with the Atomic electron spectroscopy, turbidity was measured with turbidity meter, surface tension by Tensiometer and F, Cl, PO4 and SO4 were measured by Ion Chromatography. The experiments were performed in the Helsinki Metropolia UAS laboratory, while sampling was done in Vantaa.
Of the results analysed, the process had the highest average removal percentage for turbidity (98.8 %) while chloride removal was 55.89 %, fluoride removal was 46.28 % and calcium removal was 34.06 %. The average conductivity and sulphate removal were 13.6 % and 11.6 % while some elements had their amount increased, for instance in case of potassium (370.09%), surface tension (136 94 %) and phosphate (66.17 %). Magnesium and pH rose by 39.05% and 12.86 % respectively.
The analysis of the results with ANOVA and box plots showed the effect of concentration and batches concentration interaction for all of the elements along with their batches. It also suggested that the process set up was quite good for majority of the elements tested and ready to install with only two element exceeding the drinking water quality levels while further research was needed in the field of activated carbon and the use of other chemicals to precipitate the excess phosphates.